Uhlolojikelele Lomkhiqizo Amabhawodi anekhanda eliyisithupha e-hot-dip galvanized (HDG) ayizinsimbi zokubopha eziqinile zokwakha ezenziwe nge-medium carbon steel, zishiselwa ku-Grade 8.8, futhi zivikelwe ngezingubo ezijiyile ze-zinc-iron alloy ezifakwa ngenqubo ye-hot-dip galvanizing. Ngokungafani ne-electroplated zinc, ingubo ye-hot-dip yakha umgoqo obopheke ngokwe-metallurgically ohlinzeka ngeminyaka engu-15–20+ yempilo yokusebenza ngaphandle, okwenza la mabhawodi abe yindinganiso yemboni yezinhlelo zokufaka amandla elanga, imibhoshongo yokudlulisa ugesi, nezinhlaka zensimbi zangaphandle lapho ukumelana nokugqwala kwesikhathi eside kubalulekile. Kuyatholakala nge-M10 ne-M16 njengosayizi abagqanyisiwe, kanti uhla oluphelele lusuka ku-M8 kuya ku-M30 ngesicelo. I-Dacromet nezinye izindlela zokumboza ziyatholakala futhi ngezidingo ezithile zephrojekthi. Izicaciso Ezibalulekile Ipharamitha Incazelo Izinga Lamandla 8.8 Impahla Medium carbon steel (C1035 / C1045) Indinganiso DIN 933 / ISO 4017 / GB/T 5783 Intambo Metric coarse (M), intambo ephelele Ukuqedwa Kwendawo Hot-dip galvanized (HDG) Ubukhulu Bokumboza nge-Zinc 60 μm – 85 μm (kungenziwa ngendlela oyifunayo) Ububanzi Bentambo M8 – M30 (M10, M16 kusitokwe) Ubude 10 mm – 300 mm (ubude obenziwe ngendlela oyifunayo buyatholakala) Uhlobo Lwekhanda Ikhanda eliyisithupha Izici Zemishini (ISO 898-1 / GB/T 3098.1) Impahla Inani Amandla Amancane Okudonsa (Rm) 800 MPa Amandla Amancane Okukhiqiza (Rp0.2) 640 MPa Ingcindezi Encane Yokufakazela Umthwalo (Sp) 580 MPa Ubulukhuni Bengaphakathi 22–32 HRC Ukwelulwa Ngemuva Kokuphuka (A min) 12% Isimo Sempahla Kuququlisiwe futhi kulungisiwe La manani ahambisana nezidingo ze-ISO 898-1 zezinga lempahla 8.8. Amabhawodi ashiselwa ukuhlangabezana noma ukweqa amandla okudonsa angu-800 MPa, okuhlinzeka ngokuthembeka kwemishini okudingekayo ekuxhumaneni kwensimbi yesakhiwo. Izinketho Zokumboza: HDG vs. Dacromet I-Hot-Dip Galvanizing (HDG) iwukuqedwa okujwayelekile kwala mabhawodi. Inqubo ihilela ukucwilisa ibhawodi eliqediwe ku-zinc encibilikisiwe, kwakheke ungqimba olujiyile, olumelana nokuhuzuka lwe-zinc-iron alloy olubopheke ngokwe-metallurgically ku-substrate yensimbi. Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zihlanganisa: Ingubo ejiyile (60–85 μm) — ijiyile kakhulu kune-electroplated zinc, ihlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okuphezulu komgoqo Ukuvikelwa okuzelapha — uma ingubo ilinyazwa, i-zinc ezungezile ivikela ngokuzidela insimbi eveziwe Ukuqina okufakazelwe kwangaphandle — iminyaka engu-15–20+ yempilo yokusebenza ekuchayekeni komoya I-Dacromet iyindlela ehlukile yokumboza esekelwe ku-zinc-chromium enikeza ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu nokuma kwesimo sezulu okuzinzile ngaphandle kwengozi ye-hydrogen embrittlement. Ifaneleka ikakhulukazi kumabhakethe elanga asophahleni anezindonga ezincane lapho izinsimbi zokubopha ezi-electroplated zinqatshelwe ngenxa yezinkinga ze-hydrogen embrittlement. Nokho, i-Dacromet ingase yehle ngaphansi kokuchayeka kwe-UV isikhathi eside, okwenza i-HDG ibe yikho okukhethwayo kwezinhlelo ezifakwa phansi nasemibhoshongweni yokudlulisa ugesi. Izindinganiso Nokuhambisana La mabhawodi ahambisana ne-DIN 933 (izikulufu zekhanda eliyisithupha ezinentambo ephelele), ISO 4017, ne-GB/T 5783. Inqubo ye-hot-dip galvanizing ilandela izindinganiso ze-ASTM A153 ne-ISO 1461 zobukhulu nokunamathela kwengubo. Ngezinhlelo zemibhoshongo yokudlulisa ugesi, amabhawodi ayatholakala futhi ngezicaciso ze-ASTM A394 Type 0 (hot-dip zinc-coated, low/medium carbon steel) noma Type 1 (quenched and tempered). Izinhlelo Zokusebenza Amabhawodi ekhanda eliyisithupha e-Grade 8.8 HDG acaciswa ekuxhumaneni kwezakhiwo zangaphandle ezidingayo: Izinhlelo zokufaka amandla elanga — izinto ezifakwa phansi, amabhakethe asophahleni, nezinhlelo zokulandelela Imibhoshongo yokudlulisa ugesi neziteshi ezingaphansi — ukuxhumana kwemibhoshongo yensimbi eyi-lattice, izinto zokufaka ama-antenna, nezinhlaka zeziteshi ezingaphansi Ukwakha okusindayo — izindawo zokugcina izimpahla zensimbi, izingxenye zamabhuloho, ne-scaffolding yangaphandle Ingqalasizinda yamandla omoya — ukuxhumana kwezigaba zemibhoshongo nezingxabo eziyisisekelo Izinhlaka zensimbi zangaphandle — insimbi yesakhiwo eveziwe lapho ukumelana nokugqwala kwesikhathi eside kubalulekile Osayizi Abatholakalayo Intambo (M) Ubude Obujwayelekile I-Hex Across-Flats (s) M8 16 – 80 mm 13 mm M10 20 – 100 mm 16 mm M12 25 – 150 mm 18 mm M16 30 – 200 mm 24 mm M20 40 – 300 mm 30 mm M24 60 – 300 mm 36 mm M30 80 – 300 mm 46 mm Uhla oluphelele luyatholakala kusuka ku-M8 kuya ku-M30, ngobude obusuka ku-10 mm kuya ku-300 mm. I-M10 ne-M16 zigcinwa esitokwe esilungele ukuthunyelwa ngokushesha. Ububanzi obenziwe ngendlela oyifunayo, ubude, ubude bentambo, nezinhlanganisela zama-washer ziyatholakala ngesicelo. Ulwazi Lokuhlela Osayizi bentambo: M8–M30 okujwayelekile; M10, M16 kusitokwe Ubude: 10–300 mm okujwayelekile; ubude obenziwe ngendlela oyifunayo buyatholakala Amazinga amandla: 4.8, 8.8 okujwayelekile; amanye amazinga ngesicelo Izinto zokumboza: Hot-dip galvanized (okujwayelekile); i-Dacromet iyatholakala Amasethi ezinsimbi zokubopha: Atholakala njengebhawodi kuphela, noma isethi ephelele ene-hex nut, flat washer, ne-spring washer Ukupakisha: Ibhokisi elikhulu, ama-pallet okuthumela kwamanye amazwe, noma ukupakisha okwenziwe ngendlela oyifunayo Imibhalo: Izitifiketi zokuhlolwa kwemboni, imibiko yokuhlolwa kwe-salt spray, nokulandeleka kwempahla kuyatholakala Sicela ubuze ngezinhlanganisela ezithile zosayizi, amanani entengo yevolumu, nezikhathi zokuhola. Ukuqinisekiswa Kwekhwalithi Iqoqo ngalinye lokukhiqiza lihlolwa ngezici zemishini ngokuhambisana ne-ISO 898-1, kufaka phakathi amandla okudonsa, umthwalo wokufakazela, ubulukhuni, nokuqinisekiswa kokwelulwa. Ubukhulu bokumboza buqinisekiswa nge-ASTM A153 / ISO 1461. Ukuhlolwa kwabantu besithathu (SGS, BV, TUV) kuyatholakala ngesicelo. Izitifiketi zempahla nemibiko yokuhlolwa kuyatholakala kukho konke ukuthunyelwa.