Uhlolojikelele Lomkhiqizo Lolu hlu lomkhiqizo luqukethe amabhawodi okususa anamehlo ensimbi engagqwali (DIN 580) kanye namantongomane okususa anamehlo (DIN 582) akhiqizwe nge-AISI 304 (A2) insimbi engagqwali ye-austenitic. Amabhawodi anamehlo anekhanda eliyindilinga elisikiwe elinesiqu esinentambo yangaphandle, kuyilapho amantongomane anamehlo anesisekelo esinentambo yangaphakathi esinendandatho ehlangene. Kokubili kukhiqizwa ngokwezindinganiso zobukhulu ze-DIN 580 / DIN 582 futhi kuyatholakala ngosayizi bentambo kusuka ku-M6 kuye ku-M36 (osayizi abakhulu ngokucela). Ukwakhiwa kwensimbi engagqwali ye-AISI 304 kunikeza ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu ezimbonini ezijwayelekile, zamakhemikhali, zokucubungula ukudla, kanye nezicelo zangaphandle ezingasogwini. Isici sokuphepha singu-4:1 kuye ku-6:1 kuye ngomkhiqizi nokuhlelwa, futhi iyunithi ngayinye imakwa unomphela nge-Working Load Limit (WLL), usayizi wentambo, kanye nokumakwa kwe-CE. Izinto Ezisetshenziswayo Nokuhambisana Nezindinganiso Ipharamitha I-DIN 580 Ibhawodi Lamehlo I-DIN 582 Intongomane Lamehlo Izinto ezisetshenziswayo Insimbi engagqwali ye-AISI 304 (A2) Insimbi engagqwali ye-AISI 304 (A2) Ukwakhiwa Kusikiwe, kupholishiwe Kusikiwe, kupholishiwe Ubuso Obungenalutho / Kupholishiwe (insimbi engagqwali yemvelo) Obungenalutho / Kupholishiwe Indinganiso I-DIN 580 / Efana ne-DIN 580 I-DIN 582 Ububanzi Bokushisa −20°C kuye ku-+200°C −20°C kuye ku-+200°C Isici Sokuphepha 4:1 kuye ku-6:1 4:1 kuye ku-6:1 I-AISI 304 iyinsimbi engagqwali ye-austenitic esetshenziswa ngezinhloso ezijwayelekile ene-18–20% ye-chromium kanye ne-8–10.5% ye-nickel, enikeza ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu nokuguquguquka ezindaweni zezimboni. Iyinsimbi engagqwali esetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni wonke futhi inikeza ukumelana nokugqwala okungcono kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nensimbi yekhabhoni noma ezinye izinto ezifakwe i-zinc. I-DIN 580 icacisa izici zamabhawodi amehlo ensimbi kanye nensimbi engagqwali emisebenzini yokuphakamisa, njengengxenye yezintambo zokubopha kanye njengethuluzi lokulenga umthwalo. Indinganiso idinga ukuthi intambo yesikhala sokufaka ilingane nobude bentambo yesikhonkwane, futhi isikhonkwane kufanele sicijwe ngokuphelele kuze kufike ekumeni endaweni yokufaka. Izicaciso Ezibalulekile (Inkomba) I-DIN 580 Ibhawodi Lamehlo — Umthamo Womthwalo Usayizi Wentambo Ububanzi Bangaphakathi d4 (mm) Ubude Bentambo l (mm) Umthwalo We-Axial F1 (kg) Umthwalo Ku-45° F2 (kg) Umthwalo Ku-90° F3 (kg) M6 20 13 75 55 38 M8 20 13 140 100 50 M10 25 17 230 165 82 M12 30 20.5 340 240 170 M16 35 27 700 500 250 M20 40 30 1,200 860 430 M24 50 36 1,800 1,290 645 Amanani omthamo womthwalo awenzelwe inkomba kuphela. Qinisekisa i-WLL yangempela ngedatha yomkhiqizi. I-DIN 582 Intongomane Lamehlo — Umthamo Womthwalo Usayizi Wentambo Umthwalo We-Axial A (kg) Umthwalo Ku-45° B (kg) Umthwalo Ku-60° C (kg) M6 70 50 35 M8 140 100 70 M10 230 165 115 M12 340 240 170 M16 700 500 350 M20 1,200 860 600 M24 1,800 1,290 900 Izicelo Amabhawodi amehlo ensimbi engagqwali kanye namantongomane amehlo asetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini lapho ukumelana nokugqwala kubalulekile: Ukudla Nemithi — Izindawo zokuphakamisa ezihlanzekile emishinini yokucubungula, amathangi, kanye nezinto zokuhambisa Ukucubungula Amakhemikhali — Izindawo zokuphakamisa ezimelana nokugqwala ezindaweni ezinamakhemikhali anamandla Uwoyela Negesi — Ukuphakamisa imishini nokubopha ezindaweni zokuhlanza uwoyela nasezitshalweni ze-petrochemical (i-SS316 inconywa emsebenzini one-asidi) Ulwandle Nangaphandle — Izinto zedekhi kanye nezindawo zokuphakamisa endaweni yokufafazwa kwamanzi kanye nokuchayeka emoyeni (i-SS316 inconywa ekucwilisweni okungapheli) Ukuhlanza Amanzi Nokukhipha Usawoti — Izindawo zokuphakamisa zamaphampu, ama-valve, kanye nezishintshi zokushisa Izimboni Ezijwayelekile — Izindawo zokuphakamisa emishinini, amamotho, kanye nezingxenye ezivalekile ezindaweni ezingasogwini Inothi lesifunda saseMpumalanga Ephakathi: Ezicelweni zasogwini, zolwandle, kanye nokukhipha usawoti endaweni engu-10–20 km ukusuka ogwini e-UAE, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, noma Oman, i-SS316 (A4) kufanele icaciswe esikhundleni se-SS304 ngenxa yokumelana nokugqwala kwe-chloride okuphezulu. Izitifiketi Zokuthumela E-Asia Ephakathi NaseMpumalanga Ephakathi Saudi Arabia — Isitifiketi se-SABER Saudi Arabia isebenzise uMthetho Wobuchwepheshe Wokuphepha Kwemishini – Ingxenye 3: Imishini Yokuphakamisa (01-05-21-182). Uvunywe yi-SASO, lo mthetho ugunyaza ukuthi abahlinzeki bemishini yokuphakamisa kanye nezinsiza kufanele bakhombise ukuhambisana ngaphambi kokuba imikhiqizo ifakwe emakethe. Izinsiza zokuphakamisa ezihlanganisa izintambo zokubopha, ama-hook, kanye nama-shackle zihlanganisiwe ngqo. Izidingo: I-PCoC (Isitifiketi Somkhiqizo Sokuhambisana) kanye ne-SCoC (Isitifiketi Sokuthunyelwa Kokuhambisana) ngeplatifomu ye-SABER Ukumakwa ngolimi lwesi-Arabhu kuyo yonke imiyalelo yokuphepha nezexwayiso Izitifiketi kufanele zitholwe ngaphambi kokufika komkhumbi Umngenisi wasekhaya wase-Saudi uyadingeka ekufakeni isicelo se-SABER I-EAEU / Kazakhstan — Isitifiketi se-EAC Ukuthumela eRussia, Kazakhstan, Belarus, Armenia, naseKyrgyzstan, amabhawodi amehlo okuphakamisa awela ngaphansi kwe-TR CU 010/2011 (Ukuphepha Kwemishini). Isitifiketi se-EAC (Eurasian Conformity) noma isimemezelo siyimpoqo ekukhishweni kwempahla emngceleni nasekudayiseni okusemthethweni ngaphakathi kwe-EAEU. Izidingo ezibalulekile: Isitifiketi se-EAC Sokuhambisana (CoC) semishini yokuphakamisa — isigaba sengozi ephezulu Imibhalo yolimi lwesi-Russian/isi-Kazakh kumalebula nezincwadi zokufundisa Umenzeli wase-Kazakh uyadingeka kubakhiqizi abangewona ama-EAEU Inkomba Yezindinganiso ze-GOST I-GOST 4751-73 iyindinganiso yaseRussia/CIS yamabhawodi amehlo (рым-болты), ehlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwawo ekuphakamiseni, ukwehlisa, noma ukubamba imithwalo ngesikhathi sokuhlanganisa nokubopha. I-DIN 580 yaziwa kabanzi njenge-analogue ye-GOST 4751-73 emakethe ye-CIS. Ukuqinisekisa Ikhwalithi Nemibhalo Imibhalo etholakalayo ngokucela: Idokhumenti Amanothi I-EN 10204 3.1 Isitifiketi Sokuhlolwa Kwezinto Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kanye nezici zemishini Isitifiketi Sokuhlolwa Komthwalo Wobufakazi Senziwa ku-2.5× WLL eqoqweni ngalinye Ukuqinisekiswa Kokumakwa Kwe-WLL Ukumakwa unomphela kwe-WLL, usayizi wentambo, inombolo yeqoqo Isimemezelo Sokuhambisana se-CE Ngokwe-Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC (lapho kusebenza khona) Imibiko Yokuhlolwa Kwabantu Besithathu I-SGS, BV, TÜV iyatholakala Ulwazi Lokucela Ukufaka i-oda noma ukucela isilinganiso, sicela ucacise: Uhlobo lomkhiqizo — Ibhawodi lamehlo okuphakamisa (DIN 580) noma intongomane lamehlo okuphakamisa (DIN 582) Izinga lezinto — SS304 (A2, ejwayelekile) noma SS316 (A4, yasogwini/olwandle) Usayizi wentambo kanye nokuphakama — isb., M8 × 1.25, M12 × 1.75, M16 × 2.0 Ukuqedwa kobuso — Okungenalutho / Kupholishiwe (insimbi engagqwali yemvelo) Isiqondiso somthwalo — Mpo kuphela, noma nge-engeli (cacisa i-engeli ephezulu) Inani Isitifiketi — EN 10204 3.1 MTC / Isitifiketi sokuhlolwa komthwalo wobufakazi / SASO-SABER (Saudi Arabia) / EAC (EAEU) Ukupakisha — Ibhokisi lokuthumela / ibhokisi lokhuni elinokuhlonzwa kweqoqo Indawo — Ichweba lokwehlisa kanye nezidingo zangakhona zasekhaya Inothi Elibalulekile Lokuphepha: Amabhawodi amehlo e-DIN 580 ahloselwe ikakhulukazi ukuphakamisa mpo (i-axial). Kunoma yikuphi ukuphakamisa okudlula i-engeli engu-15, umthamo womthwalo osebenzayo kufanele wehliswe ngokusho kwethebula lomthwalo, futhi amabhawodi amehlo ane-shoulder kufanele acatshangelwe ekuphakamiseni nge-engeli. Amabhawodi amehlo kufanele acijwe ngokuphelele kuze kuhlale ikhola ngokulingana endaweni yokufaka, futhi ukujula kwesikhala esinentambo kufanele kuhlangabezane nobude obuphelele bentambo.